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<p class="level">Level: Beginner / Niveau: Débutant</p>
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<h1 class="wp-block-heading article-audio">Raspoutine</h1>
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<p class="subtitle">Moine mystique de Russie</p>
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<p>Grigori Efimovich Raspoutine est un <strong>moine</strong> énigmatique de l’histoire russe du début du 20<sup>e</sup> siècle. Il était <strong>conseiller</strong> du dernier tsar de Russie, Nicolas II.&nbsp; Il <strong>suscitait</strong> la fascination, la <strong>crainte</strong> et la controverse.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized"><img src="https://plumaacademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/73-Rasputin-01-1-777x1024.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-4864" style="width:500px" width="500"/><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Raspoutine</figcaption></figure>
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Les débuts de Raspoutine</h2>
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<p>Les parents de Raspoutine, des <strong>fermiers</strong> modestes, ont eu <strong>au moins</strong> trois filles et un garçon avant la <strong>naissance</strong> de Grigori.&nbsp; Les quatre enfants sont <strong>morts</strong> <strong>en bas âge</strong>.</p>
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<p><strong>Selon</strong> la légende, une météore<strong> a</strong> <strong>traversé</strong> le <strong>ciel</strong> Pokrovskoïe, en Sibérie, au début de l’année 1869.&nbsp; Pour les <strong>croyants</strong>, c’est le signe de la venue d’un <strong>personnage</strong> exceptionnel.&nbsp; Quelques jours plus tard, Grigori naît dans le village de Pokrovskoïe.</p>
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<p>Grigori Raspoutine devient un moine <strong>dévoué</strong> à l’Église orthodoxe russe. Il pense avoir des <strong>dons</strong> de <strong>guérisseur</strong> et de prophète.&nbsp; Des disciples viennent le consulter pour ses <strong>prétendus</strong> pouvoirs de guérison et de divination.</p>
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading">L’<strong>ascension</strong> à la cour impériale</h2>
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<p>Raspoutine devient le conseiller spirituel de la tsarine Alexandra Fedorovna.&nbsp; Alexei, le fils du tsar, est <strong>hémophile</strong>.&nbsp; La tsarine pense que Raspoutine peut le guérir.&nbsp; Il devient <strong>proche</strong> de la famille royale et attire la <strong>méfiance</strong> de la noblesse russe. &nbsp;</p>
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Le scandale et la controverse</h2>
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<p>La relation de Raspoutine avec la famille impériale cause une série de scandales et de rumeurs. Il est accusé de manipuler la politique russe. Les rumeurs de débauche, d’orgies et de <strong>comportement</strong> immoral circulent et <strong>alimentent</strong> l’hostilité <strong>à son égard</strong>.</p>
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading">La <strong>chute</strong> de la dynastie impériale</h2>
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<p>L’influence de Raspoutine sur la cour impériale <strong>joue un rôle</strong> dans la chute de la dynastie Romanov. Les tensions sociales et politiques s’intensifient en Russie.&nbsp; Raspoutine devient le <strong>bouc émissaire</strong> idéal pour les <strong>mécontents</strong>.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized"><img src="https://plumaacademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/73-Rasputin-02-1-669x1024.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-4865" style="width:500px" width="500"/><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Caricature de Rasputine et du couple impérial, 1916.</figcaption></figure>
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading">La mort de Raspoutine</h2>
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<p>En décembre 1916, Raspoutine est assassiné par un groupe de nobles russes. Ils craignaient son influence sur la famille impériale et sur l’État. Après plusieurs <strong>tentatives</strong> <strong>infructueuses</strong>, ils <strong>ont réussi </strong>à le <strong>tuer</strong>.&nbsp; Il a été empoisonné au <strong>cyanure</strong>, mais <strong>a</strong> <strong>survécu</strong> à l’ingestion du poison.&nbsp; Ses ennemis ont alors <strong>tiré</strong> trois <strong>balles</strong>, <strong>dont</strong> une sur le <strong>front</strong>, mais il n’était toujours pas mort.&nbsp; Handicapé par ses <strong>blessures</strong>, il ne pouvait pas <strong>bouger</strong>.&nbsp; Ses assassins ont <strong>jeté</strong> son corps dans la Neva.&nbsp; L’autopsie confirme la cause de décès par la noyade. &nbsp;</p>
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading">L’héritage de Raspoutine</h2>
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<p>La vie et la mort de Raspoutine ont <strong>donné lieu à</strong> des légendes et mythes. Certaines personnes le considèrent comme un charlatan <strong>sans scrupules</strong>. D’autres le voient comme un homme doté de pouvoirs mystiques authentiques. Dans tous les cas, son influence sur les événements de l’époque a été significative.</p>
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<p>Aujourd’hui, Raspoutine est toujours une figure intrigante de l’histoire russe. Sa vie et sa mort continuent de fasciner des historiens, inspirer des <strong>écrivains</strong> et des cinéastes du monde entier. &nbsp;</p>
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading dictionary-title">DICTIONNAIRE</h2>
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<p><strong><em>moine (nm)</em></strong><em> - monk</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>conseiller (nm), conseillère (nf)</em></strong><em> - advisor</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>susciter (v)</em></strong><em> - to cause</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>crainte (nf)</em></strong><em> - fear</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>fermier (nm), fermière (nf)</em></strong><em> - farmer</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>au moins (loc adv)</em></strong><em> - at least</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>naissance (nf) </em></strong><em>- birth</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>mourir (v) en bas âge</em></strong><em> -<br>to die very young</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>selon (prép)</em></strong><em> - according to</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>traverser (v) </em></strong><em>- to cross</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>ciel (nm) </em></strong><em>- sky</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>croyant (nm), croyante (nf)</em></strong><em> - believer</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>personnage (nm)</em></strong><em> - character</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>dévoue, e (adj) </em></strong><em>- devoted</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>don (nm)</em></strong><em> - gift</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>guérisseur (nm), guérisseuse (nf)</em></strong><em> -</em><em> healer</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>prétendu, e (adj)</em></strong><em> - so-called</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>ascension (nf)</em></strong><em> - rise</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>hémophile (nmf)</em></strong><em> - hemophiliac</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>proche (adj)</em></strong><em> - close</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>méfiance (nf)</em></strong><em> - mistrust</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>comportement (nm) </em></strong><em>- behavior</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>alimenter (v)</em></strong><em> - to feed</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>à son égard (loc prép)</em></strong><em> -<br>towards him</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>chute (nf)</em></strong><em> - fall</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>jouer (v) un rôle</em></strong><em> - to play a role</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>bouc (nm) émissaire</em></strong><em> - scapegoat</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>mécontent (nm), mécontente (nf)</em></strong><em> -</em><em> complainer</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>tentative (nf)</em></strong><em> - attempt</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>infructueux, euse (adj)</em></strong><em> - fruitless</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>réussir (v)</em></strong><em> - to succeed</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>tuer (v)</em></strong><em> - to kill</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>cyanure (nm) </em></strong><em>- cyanide</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>survivre (v)</em></strong><em> - to survive</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>tirer (v)</em></strong><em> - to shoot</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>balle (nf)</em></strong><em> - bullet</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>dont (pron rel)</em></strong><em> - including</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>front (nm) </em></strong><em>- forehead</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>blessure (nf) </em></strong><em>- injury</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>bouger (v) </em></strong><em>- to move</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>jeter (v)</em></strong><em> - to throw</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>donner (v) lieu à </em></strong><em>- to result in&nbsp;</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>sans scrupules (loc adj) </em></strong><em>-<br>unprincipled</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>écrivain (nm), écrivaine (nf)</em></strong><em> - writer</em></p>
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