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<p class="level">Level: Intermediate / Niveau: Intermédiaire </p>
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<h1 class="wp-block-heading article-audio">Harvey Ball</h1>
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<p class="subtitle">L’invention du visage souriant</p>
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<p>Le visage jaune souriant, <strong>reconnu</strong> et apprécié dans le monde entier, doit son succès à Harvey Ball. Né le 10 juillet 1921 à Worcester, dans le Massachusetts, Harvey Ball est le créateur du symbole de <strong>gaieté</strong> et de positivité.&nbsp;</p>
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<p>Nous sommes en 1963. Harvey Ball est un artiste et designer indépendant.&nbsp; Il <strong>reçoit</strong> une <strong>commande</strong> particulière d’une compagnie d’assurances locale. La <em>State Mutual Life Assurance Company of America</em>, aujourd’hui connue sous le nom de <em>Hanover Insurance</em>, souhaite un symbole visuel pour <strong>remonter le moral </strong>de ses employés.&nbsp;</p>
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<p>Harvey Ball trouve rapidement un concept simple mais <strong>puissant</strong>. Il dessine un cercle jaune avec deux <strong>points</strong> pour les yeux et une ligne <strong>courbe</strong> pour former un <strong>sourire</strong>. Il l’appelle “smiley face” (visage souriant).</p>
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<p>Le prix du projet <strong>s’élève à</strong> $45.&nbsp; Une petite somme pour un dessin qui a un impact sur le monde entier!&nbsp; Harvey Ball ne pensait pas que cette conception artistique, réalisée en <strong>seulement</strong> dix minutes, deviendrait l’un des symboles de joie les plus reconnaissables.</p>
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<p>Initialement, le visage souriant devait être utilisé en interne par la compagnie d’assurance sur des <strong>boutons</strong> et des <strong>cartes</strong>.&nbsp; Son but était de motiver les employés. <strong>Cependant</strong>, sa popularité <strong>a</strong> rapidement <strong>dépassé</strong> ses modestes débuts. Le visage souriant commence à apparaître sur divers <strong>produits</strong>, marchandises et <strong>publicités</strong>.&nbsp; Il propage son message de gaieté <strong>à travers</strong> le monde.</p>
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<p>En 1971, deux frères, Bernard et Murray Spain, <strong>découvrent</strong> le visage souriant et <strong>comprennent</strong> son potentiel commercial. Ils créent une entreprise appelée <em>Smiley Associates</em> et commencent à vendre des licences pour le visage souriant sur une large gamme de produits, par exemple, des <strong>tasses</strong> et des tee-shirts. La frénésie du visage souriant <strong>prend</strong> vite <strong>de l’ampleur</strong> et devient un symbole de mouvement contestataire des années 1970.</p>
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<p>Harvey Ball n’a jamais <strong>déposé de marque</strong> ou de <strong>droit d’auteur</strong> sur sa création. Il était satisfait de la joie qu’elle <strong>apportait</strong> aux gens et <strong>croyait</strong> en son message de positivité. À la fin de sa vie, il a exprimé quelques regrets de ne pas avoir fait <strong>davantage</strong> pour protéger sa création et son utilisation commerciale.</p>
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<p>Harvey Ball meurt le 12 avril 2001.&nbsp; Il a laissé derrière lui un héritage qui continue de <strong>briller</strong>. Le visage souriant, avec sa conception simple et son message puissant, est devenu un symbole <strong>durable</strong> du bonheur, de l’optimisme et du langage universel d’un sourire.&nbsp;</p>
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong><strong>Quelques variantes du visage souriant</strong></strong></h2>
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading dictionary-title">DICTIONNAIRE</h2>
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<p><strong><em>reconnu, e (adj) </em></strong><em>- recognized</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>gaieté (nf) </em></strong><em>- cheerfulness</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>recevoir (v)</em></strong><em> - to receive</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>commande (nf)</em></strong><em> - order</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>remonter (v) le moral</em></strong><em> - to boost morale</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>puissant, e (adj) </em></strong><em>- powerful</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>point (nm) </em></strong><em>- dot</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>courbe (nf)</em></strong><em> - curve</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>sourire (nm) </em></strong><em>- smile</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>s’élever (v) à</em></strong><em> - to amount to</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>seulement (adv) </em></strong><em>- only</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>bouton (nm)</em></strong><em> - button</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>carte (nf)</em></strong><em> - card</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>cependant (conj) </em></strong><em>- however</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>dépasser (v)</em></strong><em> - to go beyond</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>produit (nm) </em></strong><em>- product</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>publicité (nf)</em></strong><em> - advertisement</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>à travers (prép)</em></strong><em> - through</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>découvrir (v)</em></strong><em> - to discover</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>comprendre (v) </em></strong><em>- to understand</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>tasse (nf)</em></strong><em> - mug</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>prendre (v) de l’ampleur</em></strong><em> - to gain importance</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>déposer (v) une marque</em></strong><em> - to trademark</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>droit (nm) d’auteur</em></strong><em> - copyright</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>apporter (v)</em></strong><em> - to bring</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>croire (v)</em></strong><em> - to believe</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>davantage (adv)</em></strong><em> - more</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>briller (v)</em></strong><em> - to shine</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>durable (adj) -</em></strong><em> long-lasting</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>tristesse (nf)</em></strong><em> - sadness</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>langue (nf) </em></strong><em>- tongue</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>clin (nm) d’oeil </em></strong><em>- wink</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>lunettes (nfpl) de soleil</em></strong><em> - sunglasses</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>pleurs (nmpl)</em></strong><em> - tears</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>bisou (nm)</em></strong><em> - kiss</em></p>
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<p><strong><em>rire (v) aux éclats</em></strong><em> - to burst out laughing</em></p>
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading dictionary-title">TESTEZ VOS CONNAISSANCES</h2>
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading title-translation">TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE</h2>
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